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Problems of the hard impulsion of the Trouble-shooting - part 2
The following article is the second in a series that the aids solve many of the common problems of the shipper with the hard impulsions. (To read first in article in the series they chascan here).
The article explains how to reconstruct the file of the shipper of the volume and it will briefly touch it in impulsions of the multiple-partition. This information will help to solve some found problems very common in a department of the computer science service. This article is designed to work with a system that has a single impulsion using a structure of FAT 16 (all the TWO and older systems of Windows, a certain Windows NT), and no covering of the impulsion.
A common problem with the hard impulsions is the error message “OPERATING SYSTEM THAT LACK.”
Which these the means are those critical data typically that it lacks or are damaged in two possible locations. The first one is the main file of the shipper (MBR). This area of data contains the messages of error and the information that the location of the second critical area of data specifies, the file of the shipper of the volume (VBR) of the indicator. The VBR contains the specific data of the operating system for the format of that particular partition in the impulsion. If anyone of these two areas of data critics is damaged, by a virus, a lack of the regulator, a etc., then the impulsion not to be accessible through operating system.
The normal answer to this message of error is to kick to a floppy disk and the distribution the impulsion (that uses probably FDISK) and of such way totally to clear any possibility of the recovery of the data on that impulsion, except by dedicated software of the recovery of the data or a facility of the recovery of the data. If outside applicable, the following technique will help except time, money, and the frustration.
The first passage to the recovery of the data (covered in great detail in the first article with this series) is to verify the location of the existing information of the partition. For the intentions of this article, it will be assumed that the structure of the FAT and the directory by root are intact, there is only one partition, and that only the MBR and the VBR were damaged. With the microscope, to incorporate the menu of the editor of the fixed disk and to select the fixed disk are being repaired that. With the option of the menu of the finding, to locate all the sectors that contain the sequence “55 AA” (see step four of the first article in this series), and later to verify that the structures of the FAT are intact (step seven is seen). To observe in a paper of the scratch the values (in format of the cylinder, the head, the sector) where appears this sequence. These values will be used more ahead in the process of the reconstruction.
Reconstruction of the MBR
With the editor of the fixed disk in microscope, to locate and to read cylinder 0, head 0, sector 1. This one must be the location of the corrupt main file of the shipper. To press “M” to modify the sector and to introduce 0 for the whole sector, with effectiveness cleaning all the data of this sector. To press exit, later “W” to write the data, and “and” to confirm the operation of writing. Later to leave the editor of the fixed disk and to select the option of the menu of the file of the shipper of the master of the reconstruction. To press “and” to confirm this operation. The impulsion fixes now has a totally corruption-free MBR available for the use during the reconstruction of the VBR.
Reconstruction of the VBR
There is a method simple to reconstruct the VBR. The Copy the data of a as fixed disk or a similar-classified fixed disk with the identical operating system (the versions must be equal.) there is two approaches to collect these data. The first one is to install the second impulsion in the system, microscope of reboot, and directly copies the sectors of the impulsion “heals” to the impulsion that is reconstructed. The second method is to copy the sectors of “the healthy” impulsion to a loose floppy disk and a transference that floppy disk to the machine that contains the impulsion that is reconstructed. The data can be copied to any sector in the floppy disk. Right note where these data are stored in the floppy disk to be able to recover again them easily when copying it to the impulsion that is reconstructed. In any case, the VBR is located in cylinder 0, head 1, sector 1 in
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impulsion “heals”. Copy these data to the same location in the damaged impulsion. To leave the editor of the fixed disk.
The impulsion now has a clean MBR and VBR, and with some modifications to the values stored in these areas of data, the impulsion will be reconstructed completely.
To have access to the VBR in the editor of the partition. Some of the values in this area will continue being equal. These are: Octetos by reserved sector, sectors, number of copies of the FAT, maximum # by the Dir. root Entered, octeto of the description of means, and signs of the shipper of the volume. The sectors by cluster can or they cannot need to be changed. To put the cursor on this value and of pressing F1 for a formula that helps to determine the appropriate value. To use this same procedure F1 to determine the total number of sectors. This value must be just as the value for the number of sectors in the table of the partition.
The sectors by value of the FAT equal the number of sectors of the principle of the first FAT at the beginning of the second FAT (according to the described thing in the first article in this series.) the values for the sectors by track and the number of hidden sectors must be identical to the values in the MBR. The number of heads is just as the value in the MBR or just as the value of the number of heads in the table of the partition plus one (to refer to the first article in the series for more information on this subject.) after finishing this information, the impulsion must be bootable or accessible via a bootable floppy disk. If this one is not the case, email the department of the technical assistance for the additional verification of the problem.
Reconstruction of multiple volumes of the partition
In some cases, the impulsion could have been distributed in smaller partitions, logics. If this one is the case, the occasion of these data that are corrupt is thin, and the correct values of the head and the sector are easily available of these areas. In order to find the second partition in the impulsion, to use the editor of the fixed disk in microscope to see the sector that contains the sequence of “55 AA”. This sector must appear after the first VBR, so it does not confuse both. The second MBR must begin in head 0, sector 1 of a given cylinder. Therefore, the second VBR will appear in head 1, sector 1, and the FAT in head 1, sector 2, the etc. Fitting the first MBR in microscope so that the value to begin cylinder, main and the sector are equal to the location of the second MBR, the VBR is accessible now through editor of the partition of the microscope. To use these values to reconstruct the second MBR. The only value that will need to recalcular is the absolute sector of the beginning in the second MBR.
According to the first article in the series, the absolute sector of the beginning is just as the value for the sector of the conclusion. This one is not the case with one second partition. The absolute sector of the beginning is the number of sectors before the VBR. The formula for the absolute sector of the beginning is as it follows: (Number of sectors) + (the absolute sector of the beginning of the previous partition) + (sectors by track). This formula will work for any additional logical partition.
If, during the reconstruction of the partition, there is something not understood, email that the department micro 2000 of the aid of Tech before doing changes to the impulsion.
Negation - the extremity micro 2000 of the Tech is a free service that only provides the information. Whereas we used reasonable care to see that this information is correct, we did not guarantee it for the exactitude, complete it or the aptitude for a particular intention. 2000 micro, Inc. the use or the erroneous use of this information will not be forced for the damages of the class with respect to.
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The Inc. one. micro 2000 has been helping to solve the daily challenges to that the departments make in front to maintain their operational businesses as as well beneficial by more than 14 years. The fundamental goal of the company is to put first characteristic-rich the direct one of the client, simple-to-uses HE fillets that ayudarte can the administrators handle its works with effectiveness more.
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